An assessment of community participation in environmental sanitation in Jalingo Local Government Area, Taraba State
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Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Community participation in environmental sanitation has become an increasingly important aspect of urban planning, especially in developing nations like Nigeria, where inadequate waste management systems and poor sanitation practices pose serious health and environmental risks (Suleiman et al., 2024). Jalingo, the capital of Taraba State, has witnessed rapid population growth, urbanization, and industrialization, which have contributed to an increase in waste generation and environmental degradation (Musa & Ibrahim, 2023). In this context, effective environmental sanitation requires the active involvement of local communities to complement government efforts. While the government has implemented several policies and interventions aimed at improving sanitation, including waste collection and disposal services, the role of local residents in maintaining clean environments remains underexplored (Okeke & Adamu, 2025). Studies have highlighted that communities that actively participate in sanitation programs are more likely to sustain cleanliness, reduce waste accumulation, and improve overall public health (Ifeanyi et al., 2023). However, despite awareness campaigns and the establishment of sanitation laws, community participation in Jalingo’s environmental sanitation efforts remains inconsistent. Factors such as low public awareness, inadequate infrastructure, and socio-economic challenges often hinder effective community involvement (Bala & Mohammed, 2024). This study aims to assess the level of community participation in environmental sanitation in Jalingo, focusing on factors that influence participation and the outcomes of such involvement on the environment.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Environmental sanitation in Jalingo faces challenges such as improper waste disposal, unsanitary living conditions, and pollution, despite government efforts and public health campaigns. The role of community participation in addressing these issues has not been thoroughly assessed, making it difficult to identify the key factors that either promote or hinder involvement. Without a clear understanding of community participation in sanitation activities, it is difficult to design policies and programs that encourage greater involvement and effectively address environmental challenges in Jalingo.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
• To assess the level of community participation in environmental sanitation in Jalingo Local Government Area.
• To identify the factors that influence community participation in sanitation activities in Jalingo.
• To evaluate the impact of community involvement in environmental sanitation on the overall cleanliness of Jalingo Local Government Area.
1.4 Research Questions
• What is the level of community participation in environmental sanitation in Jalingo Local Government Area?
• What are the factors that influence community participation in environmental sanitation in Jalingo?
• How does community participation in sanitation affect the cleanliness and environmental conditions in Jalingo?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
• H1: There is a significant relationship between community participation and the level of cleanliness in Jalingo Local Government Area.
• H2: Socio-economic factors significantly influence community participation in environmental sanitation in Jalingo.
• H3: Increased community participation in sanitation leads to improved environmental conditions in Jalingo.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it provides an in-depth evaluation of community involvement in environmental sanitation in Jalingo Local Government Area, highlighting factors that influence participation and the impact of such involvement on public health and the environment (Musa & Ibrahim, 2023). Understanding these dynamics will help policymakers, local authorities, and public health officials develop strategies that encourage greater community engagement in sanitation activities. The findings could also be used to improve awareness campaigns, community training, and resource allocation for sanitation programs, ensuring a cleaner and healthier environment in Jalingo. Moreover, the study will contribute to the broader discourse on the role of local communities in sustainable environmental management, offering valuable lessons for other Nigerian cities facing similar challenges.
1.7 Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses exclusively on Jalingo Local Government Area in Taraba State and examines community participation in environmental sanitation activities within the urban areas. It is limited to understanding the factors that influence participation, the barriers to active involvement, and the relationship between participation and sanitation outcomes. The study does not cover rural areas or compare participation across different regions of Taraba State.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
• Community Participation: The active involvement of local residents in activities aimed at improving environmental conditions, such as waste management, cleaning campaigns, and awareness programs.
• Environmental Sanitation: The process of maintaining a clean environment through the proper disposal of waste, maintenance of public spaces, and prevention of pollution.
• Public Health: The health status of a population, particularly as it relates to sanitation, waste management, and the prevention of disease transmission.
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